| Republic China |
|
1911 - Revolution leads to abdication of Manchu dynasty.
1912 -
Sun Yat-sen,
founder of the national people's party (Kuomintang),
proclaims a Republic in Nanking.
1916 / 26
1917 - Government formed in Canton with Sun Yat-sen as commander of the army. 1919 - Demonstrations in Peking against signing of Peace treaty. The treaty ignored the annullment of the 'unequal treaties' about foreign spheres of influences in China. 1923 - Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist party of China after Soviet Russia drops all czarist claims in China. 1925 - Death of Sun Yat-sen and establishment of national government in Canton. 1926 - Campaign of the army under Chiang Kai-chek against military commanders in Central and northern China.
1927 - Chiang Kai-chek brakes with Communist party. |
|
Rule of the Kuomintang 1927-36 |
|
1927 - Formation of national government in Nanking. Suppression of peasant rebellions.
1928 - Chiang's march to Peking. Unification of China. 1928 - Mao Tse-tung and Chu Teh establish Communist peasant bases in southern China. Creation of the Red Army in Hunan. 1934/5 - Long March : Red Army moves north to Yenan. |
|
Sino-Japanese War 1937-45 Japanese seize Peking, Nanking and Shanghai, and establish a pro - Japanese government under Wang Ching-Wei in Nanking. 'Rape of Nanking' - over 200,000 Chinese killed by Japanese troops. Chiang's headquarters in Chungking; Mao's in Yenan. Map: East Asia |
|
1943 - The Allies give up all privileges gained by the 'unequal treaties' to prevent a separate peace of the Kuomintang with Japan.
1945 - After victory over Japan the Red Army moves into Manchurian area vacated by the Soviets; Nationalist forces occupy the cities with American support. 1946 - U.S. General Marshall attempts to mediate between Mao and Chiang, but fighting resumes towards the end of the year. 1947 - Civil war intensifies between Communist and Nationalist forces. 1948 - Nationalist forces abandon Central China. 1949 - Chinese Red Army launches major offensive in Southern China. Chiang Kai-check withdraws to Taiwan.
Oct.1,1949 |