She came to fame in Italian versions of roles made famous by Sarah Bernhardt. She gained her first major success in Europe, then toured South America, Russia and the United States; beginning the tours as a virtual unknown but leaving in her wake a general recognition of her genius. Eleonora was idolized all over the world for her great interpretive roles in the heroines of the playwright Henrik Ibsen.

Eleonora Duse appeared also in many plays by contemporary French dramatists. She formed her own theatre troupe with which she toured the world; she died while on tour in the United States.

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George Eliot
1819-80
English Novelist



George Eliot is the pseudonym of Mary Ann Evans, a great Victorian novelist who developed the method of psychological analysis that is characteristic of modern fiction.

She was a humane freethinker, whose insightful psychological novels paved way to modern character portrayals - contemporary of Dostoevsky, who at the same time in Russia developed similar narrative techniques. Eliot's liaison with the married writer and editor George Henry Lewes arose among the rigid Victorians much indignation, which calmed down with the progress of her literary fame.

Her great novels are 'Adam Bede', and 'The Mill on the Floss' and 'Middlemarch'.

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Lavinia Fontana
1552-1614
Italian Artist


Fontana is considered the first woman painter to have had a successful artistic career.

She painted large public altarpieces, a rare distinction for a woman artist.

After moving to Rome around 1603, she created the best known of her public commissions, 'The Stoning of St. Stephen Martyr'. This altarpiece, painted for the church of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, one of the seven pilgrimage churches of Rome, was destroyed by fire in 1823.

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Margaret Fuller
1810-50
American Writer



Critic, teacher, woman of letters whose idealistic efforts to civilize the taste and enrich the lives of contemporaries made her important in the history of American culture.

Margaret Fuller was born in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts.

In 1839 she established formal conversations on various topics, primarily for women, which were very successful for five years. She wrote 'Women in the Nineteenth Century' - a plea for the intellectual and spiritual fulfillment of women.

In 1844 she became America's first woman foreign correspondent, reporting from Europe for the New York Tribune. In Italy she became involved in the Revolution of 1848. She died on her return voyage to the U.S. when her ship sank in a storm.

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