HUA TO
c.190 ? - c.265 ?

perhaps earlier
Chinese Physician



Hua-to was a Chinese physician and scientist who invented surgery under narcosis through the use of hallucinegic tea called mafeisan (literally 'cannabis boil powder') over 1600 years before the practice was adopted by Europeans

In this way Hua-to was able to conduct surgery on the skull and the intestines. He treated and also healed several generals but Cao Cao, the ruler of his state felt neglected and ordered him executed.

Hua-to's jailer refused to accept his scroll 'Qing Nang Shu' (medical practice book) whereas Hua-to requested for a fire and burned the scroll. This loss to traditional Chinese medicine was irreplace-able and his practises fell into disuse..

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Biography