ABU BAKR c.570 - 634 First Caliph Abu Bakr was the Prophet Mohammed's closest companion and adviser, and first convert to Islam. His prominence in the community was enhanced by Mohammed's marriage to his daughter A'ishah and also when Abu Bakr was the prophet's companion on the journey to Medina in 622. After Mohammed died (632), an assembly of Muslims in Mecca elected Abu Bakr as the first 'khalifat rasul Allah' (successor of the Prophet of God), or caliph. Under him the collection of Mohammed's revelations was recorded in the Koran. Abu Bakr suppressed tribal uprisings and brought central Arabia under Muslim control, after which he directed Arab armies into Iraq and Syria initiating thus the Muslim conquests. |
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