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Abul-I-Fazl
1551-1602

Abul-I-Fazl 'Allami', born in Agra, India, was a historian, secretary, military commander and theologian to the Mogul emperor Akbar. Through his criticsm of the Orthodox Moslem religious leaders, he influenced the development of Akbar's new religion of tolerance.

His major literary achievement - 'Akbarnameh' - was a history of Akbar and his ancestors concluding with an account of Hindu culture and sciences.

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Fuzuli, of Baghdad
1495-1556





Fuzuli of Baghdad was a Turkish poet in the Ottoman empire. He would blend Arabic, Persian, and Turkish phrases and words in a complicated fabric of inverted images, of hidden allusions which defies translations and was intended for the initiated Moslem reader.

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Jami, Abd or-Rahman
1414-92

Persian scholar, mystic and poet who lived mostly in Herat (in today's Afghanistan).

He is regarded as the last great mystical poet of Iran. His most famous mystical work, 'Lavayeh', (Flashes of Light) contains a precise explanation of Sufi doctrines, and commentaries on the experiences of other famous mystics. He also wrote a seven-part collection of poetry called 'Haft Owang' (The Seven Thrones).

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Tulsidas
1523?-1623




Indian poet, born at Rajapur (Uttar Pradesh), who lived mostly at Benares (Varanasi).

He was a Varanasi sacred poet whose major work 'Ramcaritmanas' (Lake of the Acts of Rama) is the greatest achievement of medieval Hindi literature - a work which greatly influenced the culture of northern India. The 'Ramcaritmanasis' expresses the religious sentiment of bakhti (loving devotion) to Rama, who is regarded as a saviour.

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Biography